学会分析五种基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感叹句的关键，陈述句变感叹句实际上就是句子成分位置的移动。

例1 She is smiling sweetly.

→How sweetly she is smiling!(移动状语)

二、哪些句子成分可能会移动位置?

通过对句子成分的分析我们就可以确定哪个句子成分需要挪动位置，一般说来含有形容词的名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语需要变动位置。位置可能会变动的句子成分：宾语、表语和状语。

例2 Mr Turner told us a funny story.

→What a funny story Mr Turner told us!(移动宾语含有形容词的名词短语)

三、如何确定使用what还是使用how?

当我们做句型变换或选择题时需要自己确定到底是用what还是用how，一般可以这样来确定：位于主语之前的是名词短语时用what，是形容词或副词短语时用how。但这种格式例外:how+adj.+a/an+N

例3 What a cool bike you are riding!(a cool bike名词短语)

例4 How fast he is riding!(fast副词)

例5 How cool a bike you are riding!(how+adj.+a/an+N)

四、如何判断是否使用冠词、使用什么样的冠词?

名词的复数形式和不可数名词之前不使用冠词，以元音音素开头的词语之前用an，以辅音音素开头的词语之前用a。

例6 What beautiful sunshine it is today!(sunshine不可数名词)

例7 What a useful book this is!(useful以辅音音素开头)

例8 What an old house that is!(old以元音音素开头)

五、感叹句有哪几种格式?

简单地说是“两型七式”：两种句型是以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型，七种格式是

①what+a+adj.+N+S+V

②what+an+adj.+N+S+V

③what+adj.+N(不可数)+S+V

④what+adj.+N(可数名词复数形式)+S+V

⑤how+adj.+S+V

⑥how+adv.+S+V

⑦how+adj.+a/an+N+S+V

例What exciting news it is!(what+adj.+N(可数名词复数形式)+S+V结构)

例9 What good teachers they are!(what+adj.+N(可数名词复数形式)+S+V结构)

例10 How warmly they are discussing!(how+adv.+S+V结构)

例11 How beautiful a picture it is!(how+adj.+a/an+N+S+V结构)

六、以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型怎样进行转换?

这两种句型之间的转换主要是指以下两种情况而言的:

1.含有“a/an+adj.+N”结构的句子方法是把形容词单独抽出来放在名词短语的前面和how搭配使用。

2.名词短语作主语而表语是形容词的句子方法是把主语当作“a/an+adj.+N”结构的中心名词而用人称代词充当主语。

例12 What an expensive glass he broke!→How expensive a glass he broke!

例13 How beautiful the birds are!→what beautiful birds they are!

(说明：N代表名词，未特别说明者代表可数名词的单数形式，S代表主语，V代表动词)

七、在感叹句中哪些词语常常省略?

常常省略的是充当主语的人称代词和动词be。

例14 What a naughty boy!(省略了he is)

八、有什么巧妙的办法记住这些规律吗?

以上的解释说明似乎很复杂，其实理清了思路、抓住了要领、掌握了规律并不是那么难的。为了便于同学们记忆我把以上规律编成了一段顺口溜，请同学们对照阅读。

陈述句述事实，感叹句表感情。

陈述变成感叹句，主谓系表先分清。

宾语状语移句首，表语亦须打头阵。

名词之前用what，形副之前how先行。

复数名词无冠词，事先分析莫轻心。

如果名词不可数，摒弃a,an不留情。

冠词a,an要分明，清音辅音是标准。

句子结构要完整，标点符号亦变更。

总结规律进步快，编个歌诀给你听。

巩固练习

一、选择题

1.____ delicious the dish is!

A.What B.How C.What a

2.____ strange clothes he is wearing!

A.What a B.What C.How a

3.____ an interesting subject it is!

A.What B.How C.What an

4.____ foggy it was yesterday!

A.What B.What a C.How

5.____ careless a boy you are!

A.How B.What a C.What

二、把下列的句子改为感叹句。(答案不唯一)

1.A:Jill is drawing a beautiful picture.

B:___________________________

2.A:Mr Wang is a busy man.

B:___________________________

3.A:The cat is very happy.

B:___________________________

4.A:The tractor is going very slowly.

B:___________________________

5.A:He is very lucky.

B:___________________________

6.A:It is a wet day today.

B:___________________________

7.A:They started early.

B:___________________________

8.A:They waited a long time.

B:___________________________

9.A:He is wearing a large shirt.

B:___________________________

10.A:The dolphin is playing happily.

B:___________________________

KEY

一、1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.A

二、

1.What a beautiful picture Jill is drawing!/How beautiful a picture Jill is drawing!

2.What a busy man Mr Wang is!/How busy a man Mr Wang is!

3.How happy the cat is!/What a happy cat it is!

4.How slowly the tractor is going!

5.How lucky he is!

6.What a wet day it is today!/How wet a day it is today!

7.How early they started!

8.What a long time they waited!

9.What a large shirt he is wearing!/How large a shirt he is wearing!

10.How happily the dolphin is playing!