一、图形种类及概述法：

数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table 饼图：pie chart 表格图：table直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram 趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram

流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram 程序图：processing/procedures diagram

圆柱图：column chart

描述：show/describe/illustrate/apparent/reveal/represent/demonstrate/indicate/depict

以下是一些较常用的描述用法

The table/chart diagram/graph shows

According to the table/chart diagram/graph

As shown in the table/chart diagram/graph

As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures,

figures/statistics shows ...

It can be seen from the figures/statistics

We can see from the figures/statistics

It is clear from the figures/statistics

It is apparent from the figures/statistics

table/chart/diagram/graph figures ...

二、data的具体表达法

增加：increase / raise / rise / go up / grow/ jump/ ascend

减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall/decline/reduce/ descend

波动：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave ...

稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off ...

最常用的两种表达法：

1. Verb+Adverb form

The number of XXX

+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate...

+insignificantly/significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly...

+from to / between and

2. Adjective+Noun form

There was a sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight

+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuation

+in the number of XXX from to / between and

描述稳定的data：

The number of XXX remained steady/stable from to / between and

The number of XXX stayed the same from to / between and

There was little change / hardly any change / no change in the number of XXX from from to / between and

描述不同状态的data

Noun form:

steady drop / sharp rise peak / dramatic fall / sharp drop

Verbal form:

bottom out / reach the bottom / increase gradually / reach a plateau / remain steady

描述the highest point以及the lowest point

高点极值：

The monthly profit / The figures / The situation ...

+peaked in <准确时间点用at XXX> at XXX% / XXX

或者reached a peak / a high point at XXX% / XXX

低点极值：

XXX bottomed out / reached

+rock / the bottom / a low point

或者hit a trough

此外，在描述过程中还有很多的conjunctional words/sentences，最常用的固定搭配如下：

并列： as well as, also, as well, either, neither, too, moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, besides, what's more, apart from ...

举例： for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, in particular, particularly, especially

事实： as a matter of fact, in fact, actually, as long as, so long as ...

雷同/近似：similarly, likewise, at the same time, equally ...

转折： however, whereas, nevertheless, nonetheless, though, although, even though, while, yet, on the contrary, contrarily, in contrast, conversely, on the other hand, unlikely, in stead , in spite of, despite of ...

原因与结果

1. cause-suggestion

since / now that ...; I hope that...

because of/on account of/owing to/thanks to + sth, I hope that...

2. cause-effect

XXX lead to / bring about / result in/ account for ...

, therefore / thus / hence / as a result / consequently / so ...

3. effect-cause

XXX be caused by / result from / be the result of / be the effect of / be the consequence of ...

, because ...

it is adj. that ...

it is unimaginable that ...

it is undeniable that ...

it is interesting to discover that ...

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